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Extended
Use of Rice
(Processing Rice by-products)
Besides consuming with main courses,
rice and its parts have various other uses. The unedible parts,
that are discarded through the milling process, and the edible
part could be transformed into some of the following suggested
products:
Rice Husks
Over 90% of the rice husks in Thailand are utilized in fuel
for commercial rice mill steam generators. To increase the
fuel's effectiveness, rice husks are burned and compressed
into briquettes. If carbonized, these briquettes could become
a high-quality charcoal.
Rice Bran
The bran is the most nutritious part of rice and provides
a good natural source of vitamin B. In Thailand, approximately
40% of the rice bran is extracted for cooking oil. The remaining
60% are utilized in animal feed production.
Rice Bran Oil (extracted
from the rice bran)
Rice bran oil is a high-quality cooking oil because it could
decrease the blood cholesterol level.
Broken Rice
Approximatele 70% of the broken rice produced in Thailand
is used as feeding ingredients or made into instant noodles
and snacks. In the milling process of highly efficient milling
machine, 26% of the yield will be broken rice, with the remaining
39% whole head rice, 11% bran, and 24% husks.
Rice Flour
Rice flour, made from 30% of the broken rice produced in Thailand,
is used to produce rice pasta, chips, and other snacks, as
well as cereals. It could also be a substitute for wheat flour
products.
Rice Starch (main
component of milled rice)
Rice starch is used as a thickener in making sauces, desserts,
and sweet syrup. It contains the endosperm of grain, which
makes up approximately 92% of milled rice weight (dry weight).
Straw
Rice straw has various uses in Thailand. Approximately 10%
of the straw are utilized as a medium to grow mushrooms, 50%
are used for animal feeds, 30% are used in paper making, and
the rest are burnt away in other food production process.
Rice used in Beverage Making
Many alcoholic beverages are made from rice (i.e. broken rice).
Some of the examples include sake or saki, traditionally called
rice wine, and beer.
Rice Paper
The pith of rice paper trees is used to make rice paper. This
type of rice product is particularly used in cigarette wrapping;
some are edible, such as those used in wrapping candies.
Rice Glue
Rice glude is made by dissoving a proportional ratio of rice
in boiling water.
Source: FAO publication.
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