 
Durian Breed Varieties
Acceptable varieties of durian are those that meet the market
quality criteria concerning aril volume, texture and flavor
and, for the grower, yields, spread of harvest and shelf life.
Durians are genetically diverse in terms of fruit size and shape,
skin color and thickness, aril volume, color, aroma, texture,
flavor, seed number and size, and peduncle length. The varieties
showing the best production, fruit quality, and seasonal range
in various countries are as follows :
| •
|
Malaysia-D2
(Dato Nina), D10 (Durian Hijau), D16, D24, D98 (Katoi),
D116 (Batu), D117 (Gombak), D123 (Rim 2), and Hew 3;
|
| •
|
Thailand-Gaanyao,
Montong, Kob Picul, Chanee, Luang, Kradoom Tong, and Chompoosri;
and o Indonesia-Sitokong, Bakul, Mas, Sitebel, Simanalagi,
and Simadat. |
| •
|
Indonesia-Sitokong,
Bakul, Mas, Sitebel, Simanalagi, and Simadat. |
Durians are round to oblong with an average length of 20 cm
and width of 15 cm, although fruit from some Thai cultivars
may be up to 40 cm long.
Shape |
Oblate, ovoid |
Ellipsoidal, ovate,
oblong |
Oblong, ovate, commonly
with Depressed Pointed end |
Rounded, Ovate, Oblate |
| Size |
Small
to medium |
Medium |
Medium
to large |
Medium |
| Weight |
1.5 - 3 kg. |
2.0 - 3.5 kg. |
2.0 - 4.5 kg. |
2.0 - 3.5 kg. |
| Average |
2
kg. |
2.5
kg. |
3
kg. |
3
kg. |
Spine shape |
Convex - Pointed, Concave
- pointed |
Concave |
Pointed to Hoohed |
Convex |
| Color |
Green |
Green |
Rusty
Green |
Green |
| Average Thickness |
< 1.0 cm. |
1.1 cm. |
1.25 cm. |
1.45 cm. |
| Length
of Fruit stalk |
Short
( 5 to 8 cm. ) |
Very
short
( < 5 cm. ) to short |
Short |
Long
( 8 - 12 cm. )
To very long
( > 12 cm. ) |
Color and texture |
Yellow, firm |
Golden yellow creamy
firm, messy when over-ripe |
Pale yellow firm |
Yellow, creamy, firm |
| Taste |
Sweet |
Sweet,
Strong Flavour sweet-bitterish when over-ripe |
Delicate
sweet |
Sweet |
| Thickness |
Moderate |
Moderate to thivk |
Thivk |
Moderate |
| Large
to medium |
Medium
to aborted |
Mostly
aborted |
Large |
|
full bloom to harvest |
90 - 100 |
90 - 100 |
120 - 135 |
120 - 135 |
| Source : Thailand Institute
of Science and Technology Research |
Individual fruits average 2.4 kilograms, but may exceed 3 kilograms.
When ripe, the fruits split from the apex into three to five
irregular segments (arils), each of which contains one to seven
seeds.
Durian seeds are large, at 4-7 cm long and 2.5 cm wide. On average,
an entire durian contains 13 seeds. The edible pulp covers each
seed, and varies among cultivars in terms of color, texture,
and thickness. It is yellowish white, pale yellow, or orange.
Buttery, sweet, and very aromatic.
The skin of the durian is green to yellowish brown, strong,
thick, with sharp, pointed pyramidal spines. The fruit's peduncle
measures 1 to 1.2 cm thick and 5 to 6 cm long. |
